AS CEPAS DE FILOVIRUS, O MEIO AMBIENTE E OS MORCEGOS DENTRO E FORA DA AFRICA.(Filovirus strains, the environment conditions and the Bats in and out of Africa).
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/avs.v22i2.49524Keywords:
Marburgvirus (MARV), Ebolavirus (EBOV), histórico e alertaMarburgvirus (MARV), an historic and alertAbstract
Marburgvirus (MARV) e Ebolavirus (EBOV) pertencem à família Filoviridae. A infecção por MARV e EBOV pode causar uma devastadora febre hemorrágica em primatas. Os surtos de EBOV ocorreram nas florestas úmidas da África Central e Ocidental e MARV nas zonas mais secas e mais abertas da África Central e Oriental, também presentes no Sudeste Asiático e nas Filipinas. Nesta revisão, um paralelo da fauna de morcegos e condições climáticas em trópicos africanos onde a maioria dos focos de Filovírus ocorreu e as condições de ambientais brasileiros foram consideradas. Os morcegos de frutas da família Pteropodidae (Megachiroptera) que foram considerados um dos possíveis reservatórios dos vírus não estão representados na fauna brasileira. Do mesmo modo, não há representantes de Miniopterus schreibersiique foram associados ao vírus Lloviu e nenhum outro membro da subfamília Miniopterinae (família Vespertilionidae). Portanto, a infecção por suínos Ebolavirus do subtipo Reston (RESTV) e a possibilidade desses animais serem reservatórios naturais de vírus devem ser um alerta sobre a importância de medidas preventivas para evitar a entrada deste vírus no país.
Abstract:
Marburgvirus (MARV) and Ebolavirus (EBOV) belong to Filoviridae family. The MARV and EBOV infection can cause a devastating hemorrhagic fever in primates. The EBOV outbreaks occurred in the humid rain forests of central and western Africa and MARV in the drier and more open areas of central and eastern Africa also present in Southeast Asia and in the Philippines. In this review, a parallel of the bat fauna and climate conditions in Afrotropics, where the most Filovirus outbreaks occurred, and Brazilian environments conditions were considered. The fruit bat from Pteropodidae family (Megabats) which were considered one of the possible reservoir species for the virus, are not represented in Brazilian fauna. In the similar way, there not representative of Miniopterus schreibersii bats which were associated with Lloviu virus neither other member of sub family Miniopterinae (Vespertilionidae family). Therefore, the swine infection of Ebolavirus sub type Reston (RESTV) and the possibility of pigs as natural virus reservoirs should be an alert about the importance of preventive measures to avoid the entrance of this virus in country.
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